Aksakov Places in UFA
Pigeon suburb (now the garden named after S.T. Aksakov)
st, Pushkina, 112/1
Hello, dear guests of the capital.
This route is dedicated to the heritage of the Aksakovs family in the city of Ufa.
The city of Ufa is the capital of the Republic of Bashkortostan. The birthplace of the famous writer and philosopher Sergei Timofeevich Aksakov.
Sergei Timofeevich Aksakov was born in Ufa on September 20 (October 1 in a new style) in 1791 in the family of Timofey Stepanovich Aksakov (1762—1836 / 1837) who served as the prosecutor of the district court.
Timofey Stepanovich Aksakov-father of the writer
Timofey Stepanovich, a native of a poor, although of an old family, was married to Maria Nikolaevna Zubova (1769—1833) - the daughter of a comrade-governor-general of the Ufa governorship. Father Seryozha inherited a love of nature;
Maria Nikolaevna Aksakova-mother of the writer
Maria Nikolaevna, an intelligent and domineering woman who grew up among high-ranking bureaucrats and received a good education at the time, in her youth corresponded with the liberal enlightener N.I. Novikov.
“The daughter of a typical“ enlightened official ”of the eighteenth century <...> received an advanced upbringing based on moralistic piety and Russian sensitivity, and on the same foundations built up the upbringing of her son. He grew up in an atmosphere of great love and care, he was never treated harshly or harshly. His sensitivity and intellectual sensitivity developed very early. -D. Mirsky
Sergey Timofeevich had 3 sisters Sophia, Natalia and Anna and 2 brothers Nikolay and Arkady. Sergei Timofeevich himself was the third child in the family.
Pigeon Suburb 2
st, Pushkina, 112/2
Sergey's childhood passed in Ufa and the family estate of the grandfather on the part of Father Stepan Mikhailovich Aksakov Novo-Aksakovo (Orenburg province).
D. Mirsky (Russian publicist, writer, local historian) describes Stepan Mikhailovich in the following way: “an uncouth and energetic landowner and pioneer who was one of the first to organize the settlement of serfs in the Bashkir steppes”.
The Aksakovs' ancestral home was located in Pigeon Sloboda, the modern name is the garden named after Aksakov, from here we will begin our journey.
"The complete beauty of every locality consists precisely in the union of water by the forest" - S.T. Aksakov
The garden got its modern name in honor of the well-known domestic writer S. T. Aksakov, whose parents became owners of the estate located on the site of a modern garden in the last quarter of the 18th century.
The estate with the poetic name Pigeon Settlement possessed not only various buildings, but also a garden of fruit trees. It was here in 1791 that Aksakov was born.
Unfortunately, the main house has not survived to this day, since it was destroyed by a fire in 1821.
In 1822, the estate was replaced by the owners, who built a full-fledged pond on the basis of a small stream.
In 1833 the estate belonged to the merchant Blokhin (famous producer of beer and vodka). A small factory existed even in the estate itself.
In 1875, a theater appeared around the garden, around which a birch grove spread.
By the end of the 19th century, the manor changed several owners and several names (Blokhinsky Garden, Vidineevsky Garden).
At the beginning of the next century, tennis courts appeared, and the Summer Theater that existed here was considered one of the city’s attractions and existed for more than a century.
In the Soviet period, the park moved in favor of the state and received the name: "Park them. Lunacharsky.
In 1989, the garden received the name of S.T. Aksakov, the decision was taken at the republican level. The renaming was timed to the celebration of the 200th anniversary of the writer's birth. At the same time the garden was attributed to the number of city parks, monuments.
And quite recently, in 2010, in the garden, the sculpture “The Scarlet Flower” was installed after the name of the famous fairy tale Aksakov (author of N.Mayorva, author of the project is A.Nikolayev)
From the old buildings, listed as objects of cultural heritage, the park has preserved:
House of Krajewski (Pushkin 121/1);
House of Blokhins (Pushkin 112/2);
Vodka Distillery (Pushkin 112/3)
Aksakov Folk House (now as the Bashkir State Opera and Ballet Theater)
st, Lenina, 5
We approached the building of the Bashkir State Opera and Ballet Theater (hereinafter referred to as BGTOiB).
The history of this building is peculiar and interesting;
On October 30, 1908, in the Noble Assembly Hall, representatives of the Ufa Province and the writer's relatives decided to build Aksakov people's house of voluntary donations.
Governor Alexander Klyucharev appealed for help to the capital, suggesting that the Petersburg Society of Architects, “holding high the banner of sincere art”, would support these aspirations. As a result, the All-Russian competition of Aksakov house projects was announced and a prize was established for its winners. However, the results of this competition were a complete disappointment. “Three award-winning projects sent from the company of architects made the most unfavorable impression,” the publication says. All of them, both in artistic terms and in the sense of planning, were unacceptable to execution and rejected.
Having lost time and paid in vain a lot of money, the Aksakov Committee turned his gaze to local architects, as it turned out, suffering from excessive modesty. As a result, the provincial engineer Pavel Pavlovich Rudavsky undertook to draft the Aksakovsky people's house.
“And this project, satisfying both from the internal and external sides, was unanimously accepted by the committee for execution, and the construction of the house has already begun,” the newspaper informs and puzzledly inquires: “For what did three thousand disappear, issued for nothing unsuitable projects? "
Reference. In September 1909, in Ufa, on the corner of Central and Pushkin streets, a ceremonial laying of the Aksakovsky people's house took place in memory of the Russian writer Sergei Timofeevich Aksakov. The First World War and the Civil War immediately prevented the construction of the building, so the house was completed in 1928-1935. From 1938 to the present day it houses the Bashkir Opera and Ballet Theater.
Governor's House (now as the Ministry of Health of the Republic of Bashkortostan)
st, Tukayeva, 23
In the meantime, we approached the building of the Ministry of Health of the Republic of Belarus, the former governor’s house.
You'd be surprised - how connected is the governor of the Ufa province and the famous writer. The answer is simple - the first Ufa governor was the son of Sergei Timofeevich Aksakov-Grigory Sergeevich. This is his daughter was devoted to the story "Childhood years of Bagrov - grandson" and the fairy tale "The Scarlet Flower".
Grigory Sergeevich Aksakov acting State Councilor became the first Ufa Governor on June 11, 1865.
Grigory Sergeevich Aksakov
It’s time to say a few words about the governor himself and his family Grigori Sergeevich was born in 1820 in Orenburg. With the rank of grade X, the St. Petersburg Imperial School of Pious Studies was determined in the office of the Second Department of the Senate. On January 8, 1842, in the Ascension Church of Simbirsk, G. S. Aksakov was married to Sophia Alexandrovna Shishkova, on December 26, 1848, their daughter Olga was born.
Sofya Alexandrovna Aksakova (nee Shishkov)
In 1865, Grigory Sergeevich returned to her father’s homeland in Ufa and became its leader for 2 years.
The couple had 4 children –Olga, Sergey, Natalya and Konstantin. However, only the oldest daughter, Olga Grigorievna Aksakova (1848–1921), according to 1910, was the owner of a 98-hectare estate (Yazykovo village, Buzuluk district) and a 628-hectare estate (p. Kuroedovo ( it is also Nadezhdino) (Belebeyevsky uyezd), in which in 1889 she founded a kumy-medical institution, for which she earned the title of the ancestor of the spa treatment in Bashkiria. In 1921 she was a research fellow at the Society of Archeology, History and Ethnography at the Samara University.
Sofyina or Sofyushkina Alley is a long, mostly lime tree alley (Once there were planted apple trees, mountain ash, maple and linden. And therefore there was always a lot of flowering and a riot of colors until the fall. Linden trees landed much later during the Soviet government), planted in the years 1865-1866. at the direction of the wife of the governor Sofia Aleksadrovna Aksakova (nee Shishkov). Sofya Alexandrovna was famous for her charity and care for people, and now, for the improvement of the urban environment, she landed a whole alley for walking along Voskresenskaya Street (now Tukaev) from the Governor’s House (now the building of the Ministry of Health of the Republic of Belarus) to the park on Sluchai Hill (now the park to them Salavat Yulaev).
We continue along the Sofyushkina avenue.
It is also worth telling about the writer's family in more detail:
"This family had every right to be exemplary ... Sergei Timofeevich was a good friend, a good-natured host, a pleasant conversationalist, and often a keen partner in a card game. In his house everyone kept himself complete ease, and the children were not exceptions ... "
V. Shenrok (" Aksakov in Mature Times and the Morals of His Family Life ").
In 1816, Aksakov married Olga Semenovna Zaplatina (1793–1878), the daughter of Suvorov’s General S. G. Zaplatin, and a captured Turkish woman, Igel-Sum. Four sons and seven daughters were born in marriage:
Constantine (1817–60) - writer, historian and linguist, ideologue of Slavophilism;
Grigory (1820–91) - Ufa and Samara governor, privy councilor;
Ivan (1823–86) - writer, editor and publisher, ideologue of Slavophilism;
Michael (1824–41);
Vera (1819–64) - ascetic of the Slavophil movement, memoirist.
Olga (1821-61), due to a nervous illness, lived under the supervision of doctors in Bashilovka in the country;
Hope (1829–69) - singer;
Love (1830–67), amateur artist, is buried next to her parents and brothers in the Simonov Monastery.
Maria (1831-1908), wife of collegiate assessor Egor Antonovich Tomashevsky.
Anna (1831) - died in childhood.
Sofia (1834–1885)
Also one of the descendants of S.T. Aksakova Sergey Sergeevich Aksakov (great-grandson) served the Russian Red Cross. Sergey Sergeevich Aksakov was born on December 24, 1890 in Samara, in the family of S. T. Aksakov’s grandson Sergey Grigorievich Aksakov. Since the beginning of World War I, Sergey Sergeevich resigned from the State Chancellery and on February 16, 1915, entered the Corps of Pages, where, after completing an accelerated one-year course of study, he was given an officer's rank. In 1916 he was appointed Head of the Red Cross Society and sent to Polotsk, then to Riga and Pskov.
Passing Sofyushkin Alley, we went to the house where the future writer's childhood passed.
Aksakovs House-Estate (now as the Memorial Museum of S. Aksakovs)
st, Zaynully Rasuleva, 4
Passing Sofyushkin Alley, we went to the house where the future writer's childhood passed.
Today it is the memorial house-museum of S. T. Aksakov located in Ufa on the banks of the Belaya River.
The museum building is a model of wooden architecture of the late XVIII century - a monument of history and architecture. The house was erected from the Ural larch; nowadays a suite of rooms has been preserved. Part of the house was adapted for the office, and in the second half there were living rooms.
The owner of the house was the grandfather of Sergei Timofeevich Aksakov - Nikolay Stepanovich Zubov. Nikolay Stepanovich worked as a collegiate adviser and served as a commander in office in the hands of whom administrative and judicial power was concentrated. His daughter, Maria Nikolaevna Zubova, who in 1788 married the prosecutor of the district court, Timofey Stepanovich Aksakov, lived and was brought up in this house, and they settle separately.
In 1795-1797 Sergey Timofeevich Aksakov's family lived in the house. In his book Childhood Bagrova-grandson, the house was known as the “family nest”.
Before the opening of the museum, the library building was located in the building of education workers.
In 1991, declared on the initiative of UNESCO as the “Year of Aksakov”, the exposition of the museum was opened on the 200th anniversary of the writer's birth. The museum exposition is located in 14 halls. The museum fund has about 3 thousand units of storage.
The exposition of the memorial part of the Aksakov Museum recreates the interior of the second half of the 18th century, introduces the history of Ufa and the Ufa governorship, as well as the "family chronicle" of the Zubovs-Aksakovs.
The literary section of the exposition contains materials telling about the period of ST. Aksakov's study in Kazan, his theatrical-critical activity, about the writer's work in the context of Russian literature of the 18th — 19th centuries, and his immediate surroundings. One of the sections of the exhibition is devoted to the life and work of Konstantin and Ivan Aksakov, ideologists of Slavophilism.
The interior of the governor’s house of the second half of the 19th century is reproduced in the literary and musical drawing room of the museum. The documentary materials of this hall are connected with the activities of the son of Sergei Timofeevich Aksakov-Gregory, who in the mid-60s was the Ufa governor. Here you can see a furniture set from the governor’s house of G. S. Aksakov. In the same room there are materials dedicated to the memory of S. T. Aksakov: the writer's genealogical tree, the drawing of the Aksakov people's house (now the Bashkir State Opera and Ballet Theater), photos of the time of his bookmark consecration, views of Ufa in 1856, the coat of arms of the Ufa province, engravings and photos of Ufa of the 19th — 20th centuries, Bogatov's illustrations to the fairy tale by S. T. Aksakov “The Scarlet Flower”
Every year, the museum together with the Aksakov Foundation holds the International Aksakov Festival, scientific readings, exhibitions, literary and musical evenings, chamber concerts of ancient and classical music, and the annual Aksakov Ball.
Garden on Sluchaeva Mountain (now garden named as the Salavat Yulaev)
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st, Salavata
Coming out of the house-museum of Aksakov and passing silent down we can see the magnificent garden to them. S. Yulaeva (former garden on Sluchaeva mountain).
The garden was solemnly opened in June 1900 and received the name “Garden on Sluchevskaya Gora” by location. At the opening of the garden was attended by many people. By the time of the opening, at the entrance to the garden there were beautiful cast-iron gates, the descent to the river was ennobled, the garden was decorated with two arbors. The garden was planted with oak, pine, birch, white and pink lilac. The tracks were covered with gravel.
After the murder in 1903 by the Social Revolutionaries of the Ufa Governor Nikolai Bogdanovich, the garden was renamed in his honor.
After the October Revolution, the park was named in honor of the revolutionary Yegor Sazonov.
In 1956, when a bridge over the Belaya River was built near the park, the question arose of what to do with the deep ravine near the park. It was decided to build a suspension bridge across the ravine, which was built by next year. Now the garden was decorated with a pavilion-reading room, a small cafe and children's attractions. In the garden near the hanging bridge built the third gazebo.
In 1960, a bust of Salavat Yulaev was installed in the park, but in 1967 the garden was named in honor of N. K. Krupskaya, who bore 40 years, and the bust was removed.
In the 1980s different types of gazebos were dismantled, and instead they were put in the same position according to the images in old photographs.
The next few years, the garden was in desolation: plaster statues were broken, the railing of arbors was broken, and the wooden flooring of the suspension bridge was rotten. To date, the park is once again refined and is a place of rest for the citizens.
Now it is called the garden named after Salavat Yulaev.